she has no training as a nurse

1) (preparation for a sport: He has gone into training for the race.) entrenamiento

2) (the process of learning (the practical side of) a job: It takes many years of training to be a doctor.) formación

training n

1. formación / preparación

2. entrenamiento

tr['treɪnɪŋ]

noun

1 formación nombre femenino (profesional), capacitación nombre femenino

2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL entrenamiento, preparación nombre femenino física

intransitive verb

1 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL instrucción nombre femenino

\

to be in training (for something) SMALLSPORT/SMALL entrenarse (para algo)

training college instituto de formación profesional

training course cursillo de capacitación

training shoe zapatilla de deporte

• adiestramiento s.m.

• amaestramiento s.m.

• doma s.f.

• educación s.f.

• entrenamiento s.m.

• formación s.f.

• instrucción s.f.

• orientación s.f.

• preparación s.f.

a) ( instruction) capacitación f; (before n) <course, period> de capacitación

b) ( Sport) entrenamiento m

1. N

1) (for job) formación f ; (Mil) instrucción f ; [of animals] (for task) adiestramiento m ; (to do tricks) amaestramiento m ; (=teaching) enseñanza f, instrucción f ; (=period of training) aprendizaje m, periodo m de formación

2) (Sport) entrenamiento m

* * *

a) ( instruction) capacitación f; (before n) <course, period> de capacitación

b) ( Sport) entrenamiento m

1) praktisch

2) (inclined to action) praktisch veranlagt [Person]

3) (virtual) tatsächlich [Freiheit, Organisator]

4) (feasible) möglich [Alternative]; praktikabel [Alternative, Möglichkeit]

* * *

1) (concerned with the doing of something: practical difficulties; His knowledge is practical rather than theoretical.) tatsächlich, praktisch

2) ((of a thing, idea etc) useful; effective: You must try to find a practical answer to the problem.) durchführbar

3) ((negative unpractical) (of a person) able to do or deal with things well or efficiently: He can look after himself - he's a very practical child.) geschickt

•

- academic.ru/57272/practicality">practicality

* * *

I. adj

1. (not theoretical) praktisch

what does his decision mean in \practical terms? was soll diese Entscheidung denn nun konkret bedeuten?

\practical experience praktische Erfahrung, Praxiserfahrung f

to offer \practical advice praktische [o realisierbare] Vorschläge anbieten

\practical use/application praktischer Nutzen/praktische Anwendung

for all \practical purposes de facto, tatsächlich, in Wirklichkeit

the \practical side of things die Praxis

2. (suitable) praktisch

\practical clothing/equipment praktische Kleidung/Ausrüstung

\practical footwear praktisches Schuhwerk

▪ to be \practical for sth sich zu etw dat eignen

3. ( approv: good at doing things) praktisch [veranlagt]

she has a lot of interesting ideas, but she's not very \practical sie hat eine Menge interessanter Ideen, kann sie aber in der Praxis nicht so richtig umsetzen

we need someone \practical who... wir brauchen einen Praktiker, der...

to have a \practical attitude praxisorientiert sein

4. (possible) realisierbar, praktikabel

\practical method/technique [in der Praxis] anwendbare Methode/Technik

5. ( fam: virtual) praktisch

it's a \practical certainty that... es ist praktisch sicher, dass...

the car was a \practical write-off der Wagen sah so ziemlich nach Totalschaden aus

II. n praktische Prüfung

biology/chemistry \practical praktische Biologie-/Chemieprüfung

* * *

1) praktisch; person praktisch (veranlagt)

2) (= handy) praktisch

3)

* * *

practical [ˈpræktıkl] adj (adv → practically)

1. praktisch, angewandt (Ggs theoretisch):

practical agriculture praktische Landwirtschaft;

the practical application of a rule die praktische Anwendung einer Regel;

practical chemistry angewandte Chemie;

practical knowledge praktisches Wissen, praktische Kenntnisse pl;

practical training praktische Ausbildung; → mechanic B 2 b

2. praktisch, zweckmäßig, nützlich, brauchbar (Methode, Vorschlag etc)

3. praktisch, in der Praxis tätig:

a practical man ein Mann der Praxis

4. praktisch:

a) praktisch denkend oder veranlagt (Person)

b) aufs Praktische gerichtet (Denken)

5. praktisch, faktisch, tatsächlich:

he is a practical atheist er ist praktisch ein Atheist;

he has practical control of er hat praktisch die Kontrolle über (akk)

6. sachlich

7. praktisch ausgebildet (nicht staatlich geprüft):

8. handgreiflich, grob:

practical joke Streich m;

play a practical joke on sb jemandem einen Streich spielen;

practical joker Witzbold m

9. THEAT → practicable 4

* * *

1) praktisch

2) (inclined to action) praktisch veranlagt [Person]

3) (virtual) tatsächlich [Freiheit, Organisator]

4) (feasible) möglich [Alternative]; praktikabel [Alternative, Möglichkeit]

* * *

brauchbar adj.

erfahren adj.

geeignet adj.

praktisch adj.

1) (a railway engine with its carriages and/or trucks: I caught the train to London.) vlak

2) (a part of a long dress or robe that trails behind the wearer: The bride wore a dress with a train.) vlečka

3) (a connected series: Then began a train of events which ended in disaster.) vrsta

4) (a line of animals carrying people or baggage: a mule train; a baggage train.) sprevod

1) (to prepare, be prepared, or prepare oneself, through instruction, practice, exercise etc, for a sport, job, profession etc: I was trained as a teacher; The race-horse was trained by my uncle.) vzgojiti, zdresirati

2) (to point or aim (a gun, telescope etc) in a particular direction: He trained the gun on/at the soldiers.) nameriti

3) (to make (a tree, plant etc) grow in a particular direction.) gojiti

•

- trained

* * *

railway vlak; vlečka (obleke); rep (repatice, kometa); spremstvo, suita; niz, vrsta, red, veriga; sprevod, procesija; posledica; technical kolesje (ure), vrsta koles, valjev; military črta smodnika, ki vodi k mini; military tren, komora, pratež; figuratively potek, tek; American & Canadian tovorne sani

by train — z vlakom

in train — v teku, v pripravi, v zarodku

a train of difficulties — niz težav

drying train — sušilni aparat

fast train — brzovlak

funeral train — pogrebni sprevod

camel train — sprevod kamel

slow train — potniški vlak

to go by train — iti, peljati se z vlakom

to catch the train — ujeti vlak

to change the train — menjati vlak, prestopiti (na drug vlak)

he came with a hundred men in his train — prišel je s spremstvom 100 ljudi

war brings many evils in its train — vojna prinese s seboj mnogo zla

things are following their usual train — stvari gredo svojo običajno pot

to put in train — spraviti v gibanje, v tek

to miss the train — zamuditi vlak

to take a train — peljati se z vlakom

vzgajati, vzgojiti, izobraziti, izučiti, (iz)šolati; izvežbati, (iz)uriti, (z)dresirati; military vežbati; nameriti ( upon na); sport trenirati; agronomy gojiti; obsolete privlačiti, mamiti, zapeljati, ureči, začarati;

vaditi se, vežbati se, (iz)uriti se, izučiti se; trenirati (se), pripravljati se ( for za); colloquially (= train it) potovati z železnico; American colloquially biti razposajen, divji

a trained nurse — izučena (diplomirana) medicinska sestra (bolničarka)

the trained eye of the detective — izurjeno oko detektiva

he is over-trained — on je pretreniran

he was trained for the ministry — bil je izšolan za duhovnika

to train a dog to beg — (z)dresirati psa, da prosi

to train from London to Brighton colloquially peljati se z vlakom iz Londona v Brighton

she has well-trained children — ona ima dobro vzgojene otroke

to train a vine over a wall — namestiti trto, da pleza in raste po zidu

I'll train it while you tramp it colloquially jaz se bom peljal z vlakom, medtem ko boš ti pešačil

SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology

[br]

[br]

[br]

Dedicated to the relief of suffering, Florence Nightingale spent her early years visiting civil and military hospitals all over Europe. She then attended a course of formal training at Kaiserwerth in Germany and with the Sisters of St Vincent de Paul in Paris.

She had returned to London and was managing, after having reformed, a hostel for invalid gentlewomen when in 1854 the appalling conditions of the wounded in Turkey during the Crimean War led to her taking a party of thirty-eight nurses out to Scutari. The application of principles of hygiene and sanitation resulted in dramatic improvements in conditions and on her return to England in 1856 she applied the large sums which had been raised in her honour to the founding in 1861 of the St Thomas's School of Nursing.

From this base she acted as adviser, goad and promoter of sound nursing common sense for the remainder of a long life marred by a chronic invalidism quite out of keeping with the rigorousness of her role in the nursing field. It was not only in the training and conduct of nursing that her influence was primal. Many concepts of hospital technology relating to hygiene, ventilation and ward design are to be attributed to her forthright common sense. The "Nightingale ward", for a time the target of progressive reformers, has been shown still to have abiding virtues.

[br]

- staffroom

staff n personal

tr[stɑːf]

noun

1 (personnel - gen) personal nombre masculino, empleados nombre masculino plural, plantilla; (- teachers) profesorado, personal docente

■ she's a member of staff es una empleada

■ we've got a staff of twenty tenemos una plantilla de veinte personas

■ Mary is going to join the staff Mary se va a incorporar a la plantilla

■ some staff have complained about the noise algunos (de los) empleados se han quejado del ruido

2 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL estado mayor

3 (stick) bastón nombre masculino; (of shepherd) cayado; (of bishop) báculo; (flagpole) asta

4 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL pentagrama nombre masculino

transitive verb

1 proveer de personal

■ the office is well staffed en la oficina trabaja mucha gente

■ the centre is staffed by volunteers en el centro trabajan voluntarios

\

the staff of life el pan de cada día

general staff SMALLMILITARY/SMALL estado mayor

staff entrance entrada del personal

staff meeting SMALLEDUCATION/SMALL reunión nombre femenino de profesores, claustro

staff nurse enfermero,-a cualificado,-a

staff of office bastón nombre masculino de mando

staff ['stæf] vt

: proveer de personal

staff n, pl staffs ['stæfs, stævz] or staves ['stævz, 'steɪvz]

1) : bastón m (de mando), báculo m (de obispo)

2) pl staffs personnel: personal m

3) pl staffs : pentagrama m (en música)

• asta s.f.

• bastón s.m.

• bordón s.m.

• báculo s.m.

• cuadro s.m.

• dotación s.f.

• empleados s.m.pl.

• estado s.m.

• estado mayor s.m.

• palo s.m.

• pentagrama s.m.

• personal s.m.

• vara s.f.

• dotar v.

• proveer de personal v.

1)

a) ( as group) (+ sing o pl vb) personal m

b) ( as individuals) (BrE) (pl staff) (+ pl vb) empleados mpl

2)

a) (pl staffs or staves steɪvz) ( stick) bastón m; ( of bishop) báculo m, cayado m

b) ( flag staff) asta f‡

3) ( Mus) stave 2)

transitive verb proveer* or dotar de personal

1. N

1) (=personnel) personal m, empleados mpl

2) (Mil) estado m mayor

3) † (=stick) bastón m, vara f ; (pilgrim's) bordón m ; (=symbol of authority) bastón m de mando; (bishop's) báculo m ; [of flag, lance etc] asta f

VT proveer de personal

[stɑːf]

* * *

1)

a) ( as group) (+ sing o pl vb) personal m

b) ( as individuals) (BrE) (pl staff) (+ pl vb) empleados mpl

2)

a) (pl staffs or staves [steɪvz]) ( stick) bastón m; ( of bishop) báculo m, cayado m

b) ( flag staff) asta f‡

3) ( Mus) stave 2)

transitive verb proveer* or dotar de personal

A avv. e a. pred.

1 fuori; in fuori; all'aperto; ( anche) assente: He's out just now, al momento è fuori (o non è in casa, in ufficio, ecc.); He's out on business, è fuori (o è in viaggio) per affari; DIALOGO → - Recorded delivery- She's out at work, è al lavoro; The book is out at present, il libro è fuori (o in prestito) per il momento; Come out and play, vieni fuori a giocare!; He's out because of sickness, è assente per malattia

2 spento: to drive with the lights out, guidare a fari spenti; The fire is out, il fuoco è spento

3 finito; passato; terminato: I'll be seeing you before the week is out, ti verrò a trovare prima della fine della settimana

4 (= out on strike) in sciopero: The workers are out, gli operai sono in sciopero

5 sbocciato: The roses are out, le rose sono sbocciate

6 pubblicato: When will your new book be out?, quando sarà pubblicato (o quando uscirà) il tuo nuovo libro?

7 rivelato; scoperto; trapelato; svelato; di dominio pubblico: The secret is out, il segreto è di dominio pubblico

8 libero; di libertà: They have their Sundays out, hanno le domeniche libere

9 out; fuori moda; passato di moda; superato: Miniskirts were out but now are in again, le minigonne erano passate di moda ma ora sono tornate in auge

10 (fam.) in passivo; in perdita: He was a thousand dollars out, era in perdita di mille dollari

11 fuori servizio; guasto: The lift is out again, l'ascensore è di nuovo guasto

12 esplicito; dichiarato: He sympathizes with our party, but isn't out about it, è un nostro simpatizzante, ma non in modo esplicito

13 venuto allo scoperto: He isn't out to his family yet, non è ancora venuto allo scoperto con la famiglia ( dichiarando di essere un gay, ecc.)

14 proibito; vietato; escluso; fuori questione: Smoking in the classroom is definitely out, è assolutamente vietato fumare in aula; Going to the disco is out, do you hear?, di andare in discoteca non se ne parla nemmeno, hai capito?

15 (seguito da un inf.) intenzionato; che mira a (fare qc.); che punta a: We are all out to win, puntiamo tutti alla vittoria

16 incosciente; privo di conoscenza: The rescued boy has been out for hours, sono ore che il ragazzo salvato è privo di conoscenza

17 (naut.) ( della marea) bassa

18 (in altre loc. con il verbo to be, è idiom.; per es.:) The moon is out, c'è la luna; The chickens are out, si sono dischiuse le uova; sono nati i pulcini; The Conservatives were out, i conservatori erano all'opposizione; John is out in New Zealand, John si trova in Nuova Zelanda; to be out at the elbows, avere i gomiti (della giacca) logori, sdruciti; (fig.) essere malmesso, scalcagnato, povero

19 (nei verbi frasali, è idiom.; per es.:) to blow out, spegnere (soffiando); to break out, scoppiare, ecc. (► to blow (1), to break, ecc.)

20 ( sport: calcio, tennis, pallavolo, ecc.) uscito; fuori; out; in ‘out’: The ball is out, la palla è fuori; The service is out, la battuta è out

21 ( sport: di un giocatore) espulso; eliminato; fuori gioco

22 ( sport: nelle corse) ritiratosi; non più in corsa

B out of prep.

1 fuori; fuori di; fuori da; da: Tom is out of town now, ora Tom è fuori città; I left the car out of the garage, lasciai l'automobile fuori del garage; Don't throw things out of the window, non gettare oggetti dalla finestra (o dal finestrino)!; Don't drink out of the bottle, non bere dalla bottiglia!; a scene out of a play, una scena (presa) da un dramma

2 fra, tra; su: You must choose one out of these six, devi sceglierne uno fra questi sei; It happens in nine cases out of ten, capita in nove casi su dieci NOTA D'USO: - on o out of?-

3 a causa di; per: You did it out of spite, l'hai fatto per dispetto; I didn't mention it out of consideration for her feelings, non ho fatto cenno di ciò per non ferirla nei suoi sentimenti

4 a una distanza di; alla larga da: to keep out of trouble, stare alla larga dai guai

5 (naut.) al largo di: We were five miles out of Hamburg when the storm broke, eravamo cinque miglia al largo d'Amburgo quando scoppiò la burrasca

6 senza; privo di: He's out of work, è senza lavoro; We are out of wine, siamo senza vino; (autom.) The car is out of petrol, non c'è più benzina (nel serbatoio)

● out and away, di gran lunga □ out and out, da cima a fondo; completo, assoluto, perfetto: an out-and-out success, un successo assoluto □ an out-and-out liar, un bugiardo bello e buono □ to be out and about, essere di nuovo in piedi; essere ristabilito e in grado di uscire □ ( slang) out-and-outer, individuo eccezionale; fuoriclasse; ( anche) entusiasta, fanatico; estremista □ ( slang) out cold, svenuto □ out East, in Oriente; nell'Estremo Oriente □ (fam.) to be out for, andare in cerca (o a caccia) di; mirare a: What is he out for?, a che cosa mira? □ to be out for the count, ( boxe) essere contato fino a 10; (fig.) essere kappaò (o svenuto, addormentato della grossa); essere partito (fig.) □ to be out for money, dare la caccia ai soldi; tirare al quattrino □ (naut.) out from, al largo di □ to be out in one's calculations, sbagliarsi nei calcoli; far male i calcoli □ ( nelle corse) to be out in front, essere in testa (alla corsa); essere al comando, aver preso il comando della corsa □ out of bounds, fuori dei limiti; ( cartello) «accesso vietato» □ to be out of breath, essere senza fiato; essere trafelato □ ( parapsicologia) out-of-body, extracorporeo: out-of-body experience, esperienza extracorporea □ out of commission, (mecc.) fuori servizio, guasto; (naut.) in disarmo □ to be out of contract, non essere sotto contratto; essere libero □ to be out of control, non essere sotto controllo, aver preso la mano; (mecc.) non rispondere (più) ai comandi □ to be out of the country, essere all'estero □ (leg.) out-of-court, stragiudiziale; in via amichevole □ to be out of danger, essere fuori pericolo □ out-of-date, antiquato; superato; passato di moda □ out of distance, fuori portata ( dell'avversario); ( boxe, scherma) fuori misura □ out of doors, all'aperto; all'aria aperta; (sost.) l'esterno, l'aria aperta □ out-of-door games, giochi (svaghi, sport) all'aria aperta □ out of doubt, fuori di dubbio; senza dubbio □ (fig.) to be out of one's element, essere come un pesce fuor d'acqua □ ( anche sport) to be out of form, essere giù di forma □ to be out of hand, non essere a portata di mano □ to be out of hearing, non essere a portata di voce □ (fig.) to be out of it, esserne fuori; essere escluso; ( anche) essere male informato; essere in errore □ out of line, fuori linea; non allineato; (fam.) scorretto, presuntuoso □ to be out of one's mind, aver perso la ragione; essere fuori di testa □ to be out of money, essere a corto di quattrini □ to be out of order, essere guasto: The phone is out of order, il telefono è guasto □ to be out of patience with sb., non aver più (o aver perso la) pazienza con q. □ (fis.) out-of-phase, fuori fase; sfasato ( anche fig.) □ to be out of pocket, essere privo di fondi □ out-of-pocket cost, costo vivo □ out-of-pocket expenses, spese vive; piccole spese □ to be out of practice, essere fuori esercizio (o allenamento) □ ( di libro) out-of-print, esaurito; fuori catalogo □ to be out of reach, essere fuori portata; essere irraggiungibile □ (comm.) to be out of sale, essere fuori commercio; essere esaurito □ (tecn.) out of service, fuori servizio; guasto □ (elettr.) out-of-service jack, jack di messa fuori servizio □ out of sight, scomparso alla vista; (fam.) irrealizzabile, incredibile; favoloso, stupendo; ( slang USA) costosissimo, caro; ( anche) suonato ( dall'alcol, dalla droga) □ (comm.: di merce) to be out of stock, essere esaurito □ out-of-town, fuori città; extraurbano; (fig.) semplice, naturale, schietto □ ( anche sport) to be out of training, essere giù di allenamento □ out of use, fuori uso □ out-of-the-way, fuori mano; fuori del comune; insolito, strano: an out-of-the-way village, un paese fuori mano □ to be out of work, esser disoccupato; essere a spasso (fig.) □ (fam.) to be out on one's feet, essere stanco morto □ to be out on one's own, essere tutto solo □ ( slang) to be out on a limb, essere in brache di tela (fig. fam.); essere esposto (o vulnerabile) □ ( slang) to be out to lunch, essere svitato, svanito, svaporato; essere fuori strada, sballato □ (fig.) to be out with sb., essere in rotta con q. □ to live out in the country, abitare in campagna □ (naut.) on the voyage out, nel viaggio d'andata □ times out of number, infinite volte □ tired out, stanco morto □ Out with him!, buttatelo fuori! □ Out you go!, vattene (via)!; Fuori di qui! □ Out with it!, di' quello che hai da dire!; fuori la verità!; sputa il rospo! (fig.) □ (prov.) Out of sight, out of mind, lontano dagli occhi, lontano dal cuore.

1 (spec. USA) fuori di (= out of ► out (1), B)

2 (fam.) da; per; attraverso: She went out the door, è uscita dalla porta.

a. attr.

1 (di solito nei composti:) esterno, verso l'esterno: out-tray ( USA out-box), cassetta della corrispondenza in partenza

2 ( sport) fuori casa; in trasferta

● out-migration ► outmigration □ (med.) out patient, paziente di ‘day hospital’; paziente esterno □ out-patient, ambulatoriale: DIALOGO → - Accident and Emergency- You can make an out-patients' appointment with the nurse, puoi prendere un appuntamento ambulatoriale con l'infermiere □ (med.) out-patient department, ambulatorio □ (relig.) out sister, sorella laica; coadiutrice □ (ferr.) the out train, il treno in partenza.

1 (tipogr.) vuoto; lacuna

2 (fam. USA) scappatoia; via d'uscita (fig.).

1 fuori!; via!

2 ( sport: tennis, ecc.) out!; palla fuori!

A v. i.

solo nelle loc.: – Truth will out, la verità salta sempre fuori; (prov.) Murder will out, tutti i nodi vengono al pettine

B v. t.

1 cacciare; buttare fuori

2 svelare che (q.) è omosessuale: He threatened to out the judge, minacciò di svelare l'omosessualità del giudice

3 denunciare pubblicamente; svelare le malefatte di (q., una società, ecc.)

4 ( boxe) mettere fuori combattimento.

staff [stɑ:f] (pl senses (c) & (d) staffs or staves [stɑ:vz])

1 noun

(a) (work force) personnel m; (teachers) professeurs mpl, personnel m enseignant;

∎ the company has a staff of fifty l'effectif de la société est de cinquante personnes;

∎ we have ten lawyers on the staff notre personnel comprend dix avocats;

∎ reductions in the clerical staff une réduction du personnel administratif;

∎ is he staff or a member of staff? est-ce qu'il fait partie du personnel?;

∎ staff only (sign) réservé au personnel;

∎ staff/student ratio taux m d'encadrement, rapport m entre le nombre de professeurs et le nombre d'étudiants

(b) Military & Politics état-major m;

∎ she was asked to join the President's campaign staff on lui a demandé de faire partie de l'état-major de campagne du Président

(c) (rod) bâton m; (flagpole) mât m; (of banner, lance) hampe f; (for shepherd) houlette f; (for bishop) crosse f, bâton m pastoral; British (in surveying) jalon m; figurative (support) soutien m;

∎ the staff of life (bread) l'aliment de base; figurative le pain et le sel de la vie

(d) Music portée f;

∎ treble staff portée en clé de sol

2 compound-forming noun

(canteen, outing etc) du personnel

3 transitive verb

(usu passive) pourvoir en personnel;

∎ the branch is staffed by or with competent people le personnel de la succursale est compétent;

∎ the office is only staffed between the hours of 2 and 4 pm il y a quelqu'un au bureau de 14h à 16h seulement;

∎ the committee is completely staffed by volunteers le comité est entièrement composé de bénévoles

►► staff association ≃ comité m d'entreprise;

Military staff college école f supérieure de guerre;

Military staff corporal ≃ sergent-major m;

staff manager chef m du personnel;

British staff nurse infirmier(ère) m,f diplômé(e);

Military staff officer officier m d'état-major;

Military staff sergeant British ≃ sergent-chef m; American ≃ sergent m;

staff training formation f du personnel;

staff turnover roulement m du personnel